AAMC FL Practice Exam

Advanced malnutrition typically leads to reduced protein intake and synthesis in the body, which directly affects the levels of plasma proteins. Plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, play essential roles in maintaining oncotic pressure (which helps keep fluids in the blood vessels) and are crucial for various physiological functions, including transport and immune response. In cases of advanced malnutrition, the synthesis of these proteins is compromised due to insufficient nutritional resources. This results in lower levels of plasma proteins in the bloodstream, contributing to a condition known as hypoalbuminemia. The decrease in plasma proteins can lead to various health issues, including edema (swelling due to fluid accumulation) and impaired immune function. The other options do not accurately reflect the physiological changes that occur with malnutrition, making the chosen answer the only suitable consequence in this context.